Antitumor Peptides High Purity 128-37-0 P021 P21

• Customization: Available
• Powder: Yes
• Customized: Customized
• Model NO.: P21
• Suitable for: Elderly, Adult
• State: Powder
• Purity: >99%
• Powder Raw: Yes
• Concealed Transportation: Yes
• Freight Timeliness: 10-15days
• Transportation: Camouflage
• Transport Package: Covert Disguise
• Specification: 1-10mg
• Trademark: uther
• Origin: China
• HS Code: 0101101010
• Production Capacity: 10000vials/Week

Product Description

Product Description

 

Product Details

Purity	99%+	Custom content	2mg 5mg 10mg 15mg 20mg 30me etc.
Actual peptide content	Exceed the standard	Payment method	Bank Transfer BTC USDT Paypal
Cleanliness	Sterile	Transportation time	7-15days
Test Report	COA  HPLC  Third party testing	Disguise	Can provide
Customized top color	Red Yellow Blue Black Purple White Green	Resend policy	According to different countries

In the regulation of the G1/S phase of the cell cycle, the cyclins-cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)-cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs) network system plays an important role. P21 is a negative regulator of the cell cycle and a member of the CDKIs family. CDKIs cause cell cycle arrest and block the cell proliferation process by binding to cyclins, CDKs or cyclin-CDKs. There is a polymorphism in the 31st codon of the P21 gene, which causes Ser to be converted to Arg. Domestic and foreign studies have shown that the polymorphism of this site is associated with the susceptibility of tumors such as cervical cancer, uterine cancer, and breast cancer.

Gene structure

P21, the full name of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A, is located at chromosome 6, 6p21.2. The P21 gene is 8.6kb in length, with 3 exons and 2,262nt in mRNA, encoding a protein consisting of 164 amino acid residues.

Gene molecular biological function

1. The role of the P21 gene in cell cycle regulation

The P21 gene is one of the most important downstream genes of the P53 gene. The gene contains a specific binding site for the P53 protein 2.4kb upstream. When cells are damaged by various damages from inside and outside the body, the wild-type P53 protein acts on the P21 gene to rapidly express it. The P21 protein encoded by the P21 gene is the cell cycle inhibitory protein with the most extensive kinase inhibitory activity known so far. P21 can bind to almost every Cyclin-CDK complex and widely inhibit various Cyclin-CDK complexes, such as cyclinD1-CDK4, cyclinE-CDK2 and cyclinA-CDK2, but has weak inhibitory activity on cyclinB-related complexes. P21 inhibits the activity of cyclinD1-CDK4 and cyclinE-CDK2, preventing Rb protein from being phosphorylated and E2F from being released, thus causing the cell cycle to arrest at the G1 phase and inhibiting DNA replication, giving damaged cells sufficient time to repair. When P53 is inactivated, P21 gene expression decreases or disappears, and damaged cells cannot rely on blocking the G1 phase to repair damaged DNA, leading to incorrect replication of cell DNA, cell alienation, or malignant transformation 

2. The role of P21 gene in cell apoptosis.

After DNA damage, the increase in P53 protein levels will lead to a variety of downstream events, including cell cycle arrest, DNA repair or differentiation, and cell apoptosis. P53 protein activates the expression of P21 gene, allowing it to inhibit the cell cycle, repair damaged DNA, and mediate the apoptosis of cells that fail to repair DNA. Therefore, in the P53-dependent pathway, P21 gene indirectly participates in cell apoptosis through the effect of cell cycle arrest, but it is not an essential factor in the process of cell apoptosis. In addition, studies have shown that Myc gene can regulate the role of P21 gene in cell apoptosis. Soane[2] believes that Myc does not affect the binding of P53 protein to P21 gene, but can selectively inhibit the activation of P53 on P21 gene, thereby reducing the expression of P21, which is beneficial to P53-mediated cell apoptosis.
3. The role of P21 gene in cell differentiation

Cell cycle arrest is a prerequisite for cell differentiation, so P21 is also closely related to cell differentiation. P21 gene is an important component of the negative regulatory loop of cell differentiation. In the terminal stage of cell differentiation, P21 must be inactivated to ensure the normal progress of differentiation [3]. Other studies have confirmed that when the full length or carboxyl terminal part of the P21 gene is expressed, differentiation inhibition can occur, and the functional domain related to cell cycle arrest is mainly located at the amino terminal. This shows that the effect of P21 on differentiation inhibition is not a subsidiary effect of cell cycle arrest, but may occur through other pathways. P21, as an inducible growth inhibitor, causes cells to break away from the cell cycle and differentiate, which is of great significance in the process of individual development.

The impact of genes on the occurrence of diseases

Studies have shown that the polymorphism of the P21 gene is closely related to the incidence of cervical cancer. The protein encoded by the P21 gene plays a key role in the P53-mediated G1 phase block of the cervical cell cycle. When DNA is damaged, P53 expression increases, thereby inducing P21 expression. P21 is a negative regulator of the cervical cell cycle. Increased P21 levels can cause cervical cells to remain in the G1 phase, waiting for DNA repair or entering the apoptosis pathway. This mechanism helps prevent the accumulation of DNA damage and the malignant transformation of cells. Therefore, P21 plays an important role in the occurrence of cervical cancer.

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FAQ

Q1: About the after-sale service of products
A: After purchasing the products from our factory, we have A professional technical team and after-sales team to serve you and solve all your problems in the future

Q2: Can I get some samples?
A: Yes, we can provide samples, but the customer will pay the freight.

Q3: How do I start paying?
Payment can be made by Bitcoin,wire transfer or Western Union or paypal

Q4: How to confirm product quality before placing an order?
A: You can get free samples of some products. You just have to pay the shipping fee or arrange for the sample to be sent to us by express.
You can send us your product specifications and requirements and we will produce products according to your requirements.

Q5: What is your MOQ?
A: The minimum quantity we can order is 1kg.
But usually we can accept a smaller quantity, say 100g, at the cost of 100% sample charge.

Q6: Shipping Time?
A: We ship the parcel out in 3-7 days and offer tracking No.. Shipping time is different to different country. Please consult.
 
 

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